Newton noted the apple falling before he came up with an explanation for it.
Newton noted the apple falling before he came up with an explanation for it.
Yes, but we don't know why the apple falls, until Newton came up with an explanation for it. And observations are a kind of an explanation or an expectation, which is generated unconsciously by our brain, through our eyes.
There's nothing wrong with making the observations as strict and accurate as possible. But observations clearly have limitations. We can't observe the sun for billion of years to see what will happen. We can't observe billions of years of evolution. And we certainly can't observe gravity, expect indirectly through two objects.
So why does science make assertions about things that we can't even see? Why does it make assertions that there were dinosaurs, or that the sun will explode billions of years from now? It's because science is in the business of coming up with explanations, that are then tested by observations. If we could somehow build a time machine and go back in time and observe that there were no dinosaurs, then the "dinosaur theory" would be rightfully refuted.
So we come up with theories and hypotheses first, then we test them by observations. Not the other way around.
If you can't come up with some sort of a theory or a hypothesis, then it's just not science. It's just some data or statistics.