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Thread: Anthony Gregorc - Mind Styles Model of learning

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    Default Anthony Gregorc - Mind Styles Model of learning

    Anthony F. Gregorc, Ph. D., is a phenomenological (Phenomenography-Noel Entwistle) researcher, lecturer, consultant, author and President of Gregorc Associates, Inc. His career has included positions as a teacher, professor, and lecturer throughout the world. He is internationally recognized for his work in learning styles which began in 1969 with the introduction of his Energic Model of Styles. This work evolved into the Mind Styles Model in 1984.

    Theory Behind the Model
    Gregorc's Mind Styles model provides an organized way to consider how the mind works.

    Perceptual Quality (Se/Si for concrete, Ne/Ni for abstract)
    Concrete: This quality enables you to register information directly through your five senses: sight, smell, touch, taste, and hearing. When you are using your concrete ability, you are dealing with the obvious, the "here and now." You are not looking for hidden meanings, or making relationships between ideas or concepts. "It is what it is."

    Abstract: This quality allows you to visualize, to conceive ideas, to understand or believe that which you cannot actually see. When you are using your abstract quality, you are using your intuition, your imagination, and you are looking beyond “what is” to the more subtle implications. "It is not always what it seems."

    Although all people have both concrete and abstract perceptual abilities to some extent, each person is usually comfortable using one more than the other. The person whose natural strength in the concrete, for example, may communicate in a direct, literal, no-nonsense manner. The person whose natural strength is the abstract may use more subtle ways to get a point across.

    Ordering Ability (sequential: CD,DA cognitive style, random: VS, Hp cognitive style)
    Sequential: Allows your mind to organize information in a linear, step-by-step manner. When using your sequential ability, you are following a logical train of thought, a traditional approach to dealing with information. You may also prefer to have a plan and to follow it, rather than relying on impulse. superimposed with socionics' information metabolism

    Random: Lets your mind organize information by chunks, and in no particular order. When you are using your random ability, you may often be able to skip steps in a procedure and still produce the desired result. You may even start in the middle, or at the end, and work backwards. You may also prefer your life to be more impulsive, or spur of the moment, than planned.

    Both ordering abilities are present in each person, but usually a pattern emerges for using one over the other more comfortably. There are four combinations of the strongest perceptual and ordering ability in each individual:
    1. Concrete Sequential (CS) (should correlate to preferred learning style of an SEI, LSI,SEE, LSE)
    2. Abstract Random (AR) (LII, IEI, LIE, IEE)
    3. Abstract Sequential (AS) (ILE, EIE,ILI, EII)
    4. Concrete Random (CR) (ESE, SLE, ESI, SLI)

    No one is a "pure" style. Each of us have a unique combination of natural strengths and abilities

    CONCRETE SEQUENTIAL
    ABSTRACT SEQUENTIAL
    This learner likes:
    order
    logical sequence
    following directions, predictability
    getting facts
    They learn best when:
    they have a structured environment
    they can rely on others to complete this task
    are faced with predictable situations
    can apply ideas in pragmatic ways
    What's hard for them?
    § Working in groups
    § Discussions that seem to have no specific point
    § Working in an unorganized environment
    § Following incomplete or unclear directions
    § Working with unpredictable people
    § Dealing with abstract ideas
    § Demands to "use your imagination"
    § Questions with no right or wrong answers
    .
    This learner likes:
    his/her point to be heard
    analyzing situations before making a decision or acting
    applying logic in solving or finding solutions to problems
    They learn best when:
    they have access to experts or references
    placed in stimulating environments
    able to work alone
    What's hard for them?
    § Being forced to work with those of differing views
    § Too little time to deal with a subject thoroughly
    § Repeating the same tasks over and over
    § Lots of specific rules and regulations
    § "sentimental" thinking
    § Expressing their emotions
    § Being diplomatic when convincing others
    § Not monopolizing a conversation
    CONCRETE RANDOM
    ABSTRACT RANDOM
    This learner likes:
    § experimenting to find answers
    § take risks
    § use their intuition
    § solving problems independently
    They learn best when:
    § they are able to use trial-and-error approaches
    § able to compete with others
    § given the opportunity to work through the problems by themselves.
    What's hard for them?
    § Restrictions and limitations
    § Formal reports
    § Routines
    § Re-doing anything once it’s done
    § Keeping detailed records
    § Showing how they got an answer
    § Choosing only one answer
    § Having no options
    This learner likes:
    § to listen to others
    § bringing harmony to group situations
    § establishing healthy relationships with others
    § focusing on the issues at hand
    They learn best when:
    § in a personalized environment
    § given broad or general guidelines
    § able to maintain friendly relationships
    § able to participate in group activities
    What's hard for them?
    § Having to explain or justify feelings
    § Competition
    § Working with dictatorial/authoritarian personalities
    § Working in a restrictive environment
    § Working with people who don’t seem friendly
    § Concentrating on one thing at a time
    § Giving exact details
    § Accepting even positive criticism


    you can find TEST here to find out which style suits you:

    http://wp.auburn.edu/biggio/wp-conte...style-test.pdf
    ipsa scientia potestas est-adaequatio intellectus et rei

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    Learning Preferences for each Mind Style
    Concrete Sequentials prefer: Order and quiet
    Exact directions
    Guided Practice
    Know the accepted way of doing something
    Can apply ideas in a practical, hands-on way
    Are given approval for specific work done
    Abstract Sequentials prefer: Lecture and reading
    Follow traditional procedures
    Work alone
    Research
    Logical explanations
    Are respected for intellectual ability
    Abstract Randoms prefer: Cooperative work
    Assignments with room for interpretation
    Balance of social activities and work
    Noncompetitive atmosphere
    Personalized learning
    Are given personal attention and emotional support
    Concrete Randoms prefer:
    Trial and error approach
    Hands-on experiences
    Brainstorming and open-ended activities
    Produce real, but creative, products
    Original and unique approaches to problem solving
    Self-directed learning
    The different styles struggle with:
    Concrete Sequential stretches: Making choices
    Open ended assignments and "what if" questions
    Dealing with opposing views
    Taking new approaches
    Interpreting abstract ideas
    Seeing the forest
    Abstract Sequential stretches: Expressing emotions
    Working cooperatively in groups
    Writing creatively
    Taking risks or facing the unpredictable
    Open ended problems
    Placing grades in perspective…reducing perfectionism
    Abstract Random stretches: Working alone
    Attending to details and giving exact answers
    Working within time limits
    Concentrating on one task at a time
    Being corrected
    Expecting less emotional response from others
    Concrete Random stretches: Pacing and meeting time limitations
    Completing projects
    Choosing one answer
    Keeping detailed records
    Prioritizing
    Accepting others’ ideas without showing another way
    Accepting when change is impossible

    Gregorc's Mind Style Characteristics
    The Concrete Sequential individual:
    Needs and enjoys structured situations.
    Likes to work with hands-on projects.
    Likes things to be ordered and arranged in specific ways.
    Likes clear and definite directions.
    Is always "busy", looking for constructive things to do, can’t sit still for long.
    Is a natural organizer.
    Prefers to do things step by step.
    Follows directions.
    Is a natural editor, can take anything and make it better.
    Has a great fear of being wrong.
    The Abstract Sequential individual:
    Reads avidly for information and ideas logically presented.
    Needs a quiet environment to think and work.
    Likes to debate about ideas and controversial issues.
    Likes to learn just to learn - self-directed.
    Gathers information and analyzes ideas.
    Strives for intellectual recognition.
    Thinks in a structured, logical and organized way.
    Fears appearing foolish or uninformed.
    The Abstract Random individual:
    Dislikes routine procedures and orderliness.
    Is extremely sensitive to his/her own and others’ feelings.
    Is flexible, accepting and responds easily to change.
    Learns well through discussion and sharing of ideas.
    Is imaginative.
    Personalizes information.
    Is usually involved in many projects or interest at one time.
    Is focused on friends and relationships.
    Has a fear of not being liked.
    The Concrete Random individual:
    Is highly curious.
    Finds out-of-the-ordinary answers to problems.
    Seems driven to say or do things in a way others have not.
    Is a risk-taker.
    Likes to discover his/her own way of doing things; must test things for self.
    Is extremely independent and competitive with self.
    Prefers to investigate and experiment; enjoys hands-on experimenting.
    Skips steps and details.
    Shows original creativity; has varied and unusual ideas.
    Has multiple projects going at once.
    Finds possibilities, creates change.
    Is notorious for not reading directions or instructions.
    Fears structure.


    Although everyone has all four qualities, most people are predisposed toward one or two of them...........students with a concrete-sequential dominant learning-style tend to prefer programmed instruction, workbooks, lab manuals, field trips, and applications. Students with an abstract-sequential dominant learning-style tend to prefer lectures, books, syllabi, and guided individual study. Students with a concrete-random learning style prefer independent study, games, simulations, and problem solving, while students with an abstract-random learning style prefer television, movies, assignments with reflection time, and group discussions."
    ipsa scientia potestas est-adaequatio intellectus et rei

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    This is just Keirsey

    (Yeah the MBTI Keirsey - SJ, NT, NF, SP)

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    Default CONCRETE RANDOM by a light-year

    Excellent ime can't always explain stuff in a line, I can get stuff to work tho. Used to butt heads with Maintenance, now I fix most stuff myself and w coworkers. Second-best-fit somehow abstract/sequential.
    p . . . a . . . n . . . d . . . o . . . r . . . a
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    It seems I missed this thread until now.

    Abstract Random is most likely for me, Concrete Sequential least likely
    ...ironically both my parents have Concrete Sequential style

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    escaping anndelise's Avatar
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    Abstract Random would be my default mode.
    When working with physical things (like crafts, garden, etc) then Concrete Random (lots of trial and error!! and trying to work through it myself. It'd be nice to have someone to work through it with, but those who try to work with me get upset because I'm constantly looking outside the box for answers, and often end up reinventing the wheel. But at least then I understand it better.)

    I do try to be more Sequential (making a plan, trying to follow through with the plan, trying to inhibit my impulses more, trying to get into a routine, etc), but i constantly fail at it. I can handle emergencies fine, but anything that requires maintenance and upkeep crumbles due to being distracted by another impulse/idea/goal/interest/mood.

    But if it's for something important, and way beyond my interests, such as dealing with a computer virus, I definitely need something sequential to follow. At that point I just want to get it over and done with and out of the way.

    If I had to put all 4 in order of strengths, it'd be AR>>CR/AS>CS

    edited to add: I did the test and calculated the score:
    AR 56
    CR 36
    AS 24
    CS 04
    Last edited by anndelise; 07-28-2019 at 03:55 AM.
    IEE 649 sx/sp cp

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    Concrete Sequential CS = 16

    Abstract Sequential AS = 4

    Abstract Random AR = 4

    Concrete Random CR = 16

    Equal parts CS and CR. Sure that works. When I'm doing book learning or need focus, such as Maths or something technical I'll take Concrete sequential. My normal way of being is really more Concrete Random. That actually suits me very well at work and in life. Always working toward solutions immediately after a problem arises. Find a problem solve a problem.

    I'm fine working in chaotic situations no problem as long as there is some discipline and focus. Unfocused people I can't stand being around at work. Unless I can boss them around lol.

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