I'm not sure why exactly you think that that quote and the linked blurbs preclude the possibility of specific Information Elements and indeed a whole type being associated with the Persona. Presumably it's due to your radically different conception of the IEs and how they work. If you assume something more like Augusta's conception of the IEs, then assigning types to Personas not only becomes possible, it's actually a fairly straightforward logical deduction.
As I've said before, your theory is almost as different from Augusta's theory as MBTI is. If it weren't for the fact that you retain the idea of Intertype Relations, it would be as distinct from Socionics as MBTI. The difference is certainly greater than that between MBTI and Keirsey. I'm not sure why you insist on calling your theory "Socionics", since there's so little in common. It seems to me you would want to distance yourself from Augusta's theories as much as possible, so that people could clearly understand the difference and make an informed decision as to who is correct.
That's just silly. You determine the truth of a hypothesis by examining how well it fits the evidence, not whether you can logically deduce it from other theories.
Alas, you have failed to understand the analogy.
From my perspective, it's a valuable insight into how the Persona interacts with the rest of the psyche. It's helpful in better understanding why people are the way they are.
Again, it's not surprising that you're confused, given your radically different a priori assumptions about how personality types work.
This is what happens when you try to debunk someone's positions without fully understanding them -- you wind up mistakenly attacking straw men.
According to Augusta, an Information Aspect is a type or category of information dealing with a particular facest or aspect of reality (Explicit Dynamics of Objects, Implicit Statics of Relations, etc.). The Information Elements are like information processor, each IE being dedicated to processing the data of one Information Aspect. Therefore, Fe for example would process data related to Implicit Dynamics of Objects: emotions, moods, excitement, happiness, sadness, laughter, tears, etc. Ti processes data related to Explicit Statics of Relations: categories, hierarchies, logical analysis, rules, laws, etc. And so forth. Another word for such data processing is "internal thought processes".
Obviously, how one thinks about the world affects how one behaves in the world. Fe-Ego types spend a lot of time focused on processing emotional information, so naturally they spend a lot of time engaging in emotionally-oriented behaviour. Te-Ego types like to focus on processing information on productivity and efficiency, so they spend a lot of time engaged in activities related to those things. And so forth. So far this is pretty standard basic socionics.
Problems arise, however, because the feedback one receives when behaving completely naturally is not always positive. An LII's natural emphasis on Ti-related behaviour may receive strong negative responses from Delta or Gamma friends or family members, for example. In order to avoid such negative feedback, said LII may begin to refrain from outwardly engaging in Ti-related behaviour, especially around Deltas and Gammas. Instead, he may try to emulate the behaviour of some other type -- IEE, for example -- which would result in more positive feedback. Eventually, over a long period of time (a childhood, for example), such emulation may become habitual, even instinctive, resulting in an IEE Persona. However, the underlying information processing and function strength are still characteristically LII, meaning that the IEE mask will never be 100% convincing. The most difficult task in socionics has always been getting past these superficial masks, and understanding the inner workings of how a subject thinks, in order to accurately diagnose his type.
Obviously, none of the above makes any sense unless you assume Augusta's conception of Information Aspects and Information Elements to be true. Your opposing arguments are all predicated upon your own version of the IEs being true, which is kind of pointless, since by definition if your conception of the IEs is accurate, this sort of subtype system cannot exist.
It's like a heliocentrist arguing with a geocentrist about the orbit of Neptune. The discussion is pointless because they disagree on much more fundamental matters.